運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過厭氧反響器的工程師都曉得，厭氧反響會產(chǎn)生沼氣，而沼氣中常常含有一定量的硫化氫（H2S）。不同的工業(yè)廢水，沼氣中硫化氫的含量各有不同。假如硫化氫含量過高，就必需在進(jìn)鍋爐熄滅之前脫除沼氣中的硫化氫，以防止腐蝕管道和鍋爐。今天，我們就引見一下當(dāng)前比擬的沼氣生物脫硫技術(shù)。
Engineers who have run anaerobic reactors know that anaerobic reactions produce biogas, which often contains a certain amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The content of hydrogen sulfide in biogas varies with different industrial wastewater. If the hydrogen sulfide content is too high, it is necessary to remove the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas before the boiler goes out to prevent corrosion of the pipeline and boiler. Today, we will introduce the advanced biogas bio desulfurization technology.
1. 沼氣的來源
1. Source of Biogas
沼氣通常來源于污水厭氧處置、糞便、秸稈發(fā)酵、石油自然氣等，凈化后的沼氣可作為清潔能源，替代自然氣、煤炭，用于發(fā)電、取暖、消費(fèi)蒸汽等；別離出的硫化氫氣體被轉(zhuǎn)換成固態(tài)的生物硫磺，可作為化肥、化工等行業(yè)的原料。沼氣經(jīng)過吸收凈化可資源應(yīng)用，即完成了減排，也節(jié)約了企業(yè)的消費(fèi)本錢。
Biogas usually comes from anaerobic treatment of sewage, feces, straw fermentation, petroleum natural gas, etc. the purified biogas can be used as clean energy, instead of natural gas and coal, for power generation, heating, consumption steam, etc.; the separated hydrogen sulfide gas is converted into solid bio sulfur, which can be used as raw materials for chemical fertilizer, chemical industry and other industries. Biogas can be used to absorb and purify resources, which not only completes energy conservation and emission reduction, but also saves the consumption cost of enterprises.
2. 沼氣的價(jià)值
2. Value of Biogas
1m3沼氣≈0.65m3自然氣≈0.7kg規(guī)范煤≈ 7.5kg 蒸汽≈1.8kwh電，依照工業(yè)自然氣3.0元/立方米計(jì)算，應(yīng)用1立方沼氣可節(jié)約1.95元。
1m3 of biogas ≈ 0.65m3 of natural gas ≈ 0.7kg of standard coal ≈ 7.5kg of steam ≈ 1.8kwh of electricity. According to the calculation of 3.0 yuan / m3 of industrial natural gas, 1 cubic meter of biogas can save 1.95 yuan.
2. 沼氣脫硫和煙氣脫硫的區(qū)別
2. Difference between biogas desulfurization and flue gas desulfurization
沼氣脫硫和煙氣脫硫固然都是脫硫，但確是完整不同的兩種工藝。煙氣脫硫是從工業(yè)廢氣中脫除二氧化硫SO2和SO3。我們常說的脫硫脫硝，就指的是脫除二氧化硫。而沼氣脫硫是指從沼氣中脫除硫化氫(H2S)，以減少對后續(xù)管道、熄滅鍋爐或發(fā)電機(jī)的腐蝕。
Although biogas desulfurization and flue gas desulfurization are both desulfurization, they are completely different processes. Flue gas desulfurization is to remove SO2 and SO3 from industrial waste gas. As we often say, desulfurization and denitrification refers to the removal of sulfur dioxide. Biogas desulfurization refers to the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from biogas to reduce the corrosion of subsequent pipelines, extinguished boilers or generators.
3. 什么是沼氣生物脫硫？
3. What is biogas bio desulfurization?
沼氣生物脫硫（簡稱沼氣脫硫）是應(yīng)用生物菌種去除沼氣中腐蝕性強(qiáng)、毒性強(qiáng)的硫化氫氣體的一種工藝辦法，這個(gè)工藝具有自動(dòng)化水平高，流程簡約，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)本錢低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
Biogas bio desulfurization (referred to as biogas desulfurization) is a process method to remove the corrosive and toxic hydrogen sulfide gas in biogas by using biological bacteria. This process has the advantages of high automation level, simple process and low operating cost.
3. 工藝原理
3. Process principle
如下圖，厭氧發(fā)酵產(chǎn)生的沼氣進(jìn)入洗濯塔，經(jīng)過與堿性循環(huán)噴淋液發(fā)作吸收反響，從而去除沼氣中的硫化氫。吸收硫化氫的富液回流生物反響器內(nèi)，經(jīng)過生物轉(zhuǎn)化，將硫化氫轉(zhuǎn)化成固態(tài)單質(zhì)硫磺，并將溶液再生為可用于洗濯沼氣的堿性吸收液（亦成為貧液），從而完成了吸收劑的回收和再生循環(huán)應(yīng)用。經(jīng)過硫沉淀器完成硫磺固體的別離。
As shown in the figure below, the biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation enters into the washing tower and reacts with the alkaline circulating spray liquid to remove the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas. The rich solution absorbing hydrogen sulfide is returned to the bioreactor, and after biotransformation, hydrogen sulfide is converted into solid elemental sulfur, and the solution is regenerated into an alkaline absorption solution (also known as lean solution) which can be used for washing biogas, so as to complete the recovery and recycling application of absorbent. The separation of sulfur solid is completed through sulfur precipitator.
此工藝將弱堿性條件下硫化氫的物理化學(xué)吸收與空氣作用下堿性溶液的生物再生相分離。含有硫化氫的沼氣進(jìn)入洗濯塔，在這里被吸收硫化氫的堿溶液洗濯，處置后的沼氣硫化氫去除率高達(dá)99.5%。經(jīng)系統(tǒng)處置后，沼氣可用于燃?xì)獍l(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)電，用作鍋爐燃料或輸入當(dāng)?shù)匦⌒凸饩W(wǎng)絡(luò)。
In this process, the physical and chemical absorption of hydrogen sulfide under weak alkaline condition is separated from the biological regeneration of alkaline solution under the action of air. The biogas containing hydrogen sulfide enters into the washing tower, where it is washed by the alkali solution absorbing hydrogen sulfide. The removal rate of hydrogen sulfide in the treated biogas is as high as 99.5%. After system disposal, biogas can be used for gas generator power generation, boiler fuel or input to local small gas supply network.
簡直不含硫化氫的沼氣從洗濯塔頂部逸出，含硫化氫的溶液流入生物反響器，在此細(xì)菌在限制供氧條件下將其氧化為單質(zhì)硫和堿。該系統(tǒng)的少量排出液（含鈉鹽）和副產(chǎn)品硫磺中都不含硫化物，排放沒有問題。
Hydrogen sulfide free biogas escapes from the top of the washing tower, and hydrogen sulfide containing solution flows into the bioreactor, where the bacteria oxidize it to elemental sulfur and alkali under the condition of limited oxygen supply. A small amount of discharge liquid (containing sodium salt) and sulfur by-product of the system do not contain sulfide, so there is no problem in discharge.
4. 生物脫硫的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢
4. Technical advantages of biological desulfurization
- 全自動(dòng)無人值守，高度穩(wěn)定牢靠。
-Fully automatic unattended, highly stable and reliable.
- 深度的硫化氫去除（出口硫化氫含量50-100ppm）
-Deep hydrogen sulfide removal (outlet hydrogen sulfide content 50-100ppm)
- 可耐受氣體流量和硫負(fù)荷較寬范圍的動(dòng)搖
-It can withstand the fluctuation of gas flow and sulfur load in a wide range
- 沼氣不會被空氣稀釋：沼氣和空氣之間有嚴(yán)厲的物理別離
-Biogas will not be diluted by air: there is a strict physical separation between biogas and air
- 只需少量的堿、水和營養(yǎng)物
-Just a small amount of alkali, water and nutrients
- 沒有梗塞和污垢的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因而維護(hù)工作量少
-There is no risk of clogging and fouling and therefore less maintenance
- 常溫常壓運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)
-Normal temperature and pressure operation
- 產(chǎn)生單質(zhì)硫：可作為肥料和殺蟲劑
-Production of elemental sulfur: it can be used as fertilizer and insecticide
5. 應(yīng)用的范疇
5. Scope of application
沼氣生物脫硫技術(shù)應(yīng)用的范疇十分普遍。污水厭氧處置、糞便、秸稈發(fā)酵、石油自然氣產(chǎn)生的沼氣硫化氫含量過高，都能夠應(yīng)用。
Biogas bio desulfurization technology is widely used. Anaerobic treatment of sewage, manure, straw fermentation, high content of hydrogen sulfide in biogas produced by natural gas can be applied.
The above is a detailed introduction to the working principle and advantages of biogas bio desulfurization. For more information, please consult the website http://www.aycqc.cn 。
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